Section-llfaefi



Patented Jan. 3|, I899. E. E. SHELDON & J. T. FREEMAN. 1

SECTION LINER.

(Application filed Mar. 22, 1898.)

2 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

wag/ 05; 9/ mm A TTOH/V W/ TNE SSE 8 No. 618,742. I Patented Ian. 3|, I899. E. E. SHELDON &. J. T. FREEMAN.

SECTION LINER.

{Application filed Mar, 22, 1898.\

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2'.

.3, E 2 F 11. V I 71 a i D Ji 7 W 6 #7 IN VENTOH V m: uomus vzrzns 20.. more-Luna. WASHINGTON, n. c.

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

EDWARD ELLIS SHELDON AND JOSEPH THORN FREEMAN, OF ROCHESTER;

' NEW YORK.

SECTION-LINEFi;

sPEcIFIoATIoN forming part of Letters Patent No. 618,742 dated January 31, 189%).

Application filed March 22, 1898.

To ctZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, EDWARD ELLIS SHEL- DON and JOSEPH TH'ORN FREEMAN, of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Section-Liner, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to drawing instruments and its object is to provide a newand improved section-liner which is simple and durable in construction, easily manipulated, and readily attached to any T square, straight-edge, or the like, and arranged for accomplishing accurate work, such as sectionlining,laying off distances and ordinates,spacing, obtaining angles, &o.

The invention consists of novel features and parts and combinations of the same, as will be described hereinafter and then pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a plan view of the improvement as applied to a T-square. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the same with parts in section. Fig. A is a transverse section of the improvement on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional side elevation of the clutch mechanism. Fig. 6 is a transverse section of the same. Fig. 7 is a transverse section of the ruling-edge and scale, the section being taken on the line 7 7 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 8 is a rear end elevation of the cam for manipulating the clutch.

The improvement illustrated in the drawings is applied to a T- square having the usual head A and a blade A, the device being provided with a frame 13, secured by screws or other means to the blade A at or near the head A. The frame 13 is provided with bearings B, in which is mounted to turn a transversely-extending shaft 0, carrying at one outer end an arm 0, provided at its free end with a finger-piece 0 adapted to be engaged and pressed by the thumb of the left hand of the operator when the device is used.

On the shaft 0 is secured asegmental gearwheel 0 in mesh with a rack D, secured to Serial No. 674,828. (No model.)

the under side of a rod D, extending longitudinally and parallel with the blade A and fitted to slide at oneend in a bearing carried by the frame B, the other end having a screw F, screwing in'the frame B and serving to form a stop for the rod D by the outer end of the rack D abutting against the inner end of the said screw. By adjusting the screw F, more or less throw is given to the rod D, as hereinafter more fully described. A spring E is coiled on the rod D and rests with one end against the frame B and with its other end abuts against a head D secured to the rod D and extending downwardly to carrya rod G, fitted to slide in the frame B and preferably made in sections connected with each other by a coupling G of any approved construction. Asprin g E is also coiled on the end of the rod G, one end resting against the frame 13 and the other end abutting against the head D to reinforce the spring E, both springs E E serving to normally hold the rod G in an innermost position, the rack D abutting against the screw F. The outward movement of the rod G is limited by a stop-pin B carried by the frame B and adapted to be engaged by the head D so that the motion of the rod G is limited between the screw F and the saidstop-pin B Thus when the operator presses the finger-piece O the turning of the shaft 0 causes the segmental gear-wheel C to impart a forward motion to the rack D and the rod D until the head D abuts against the pin B and when the operator releases the pressure on the finger-piece O the springsEE return the rods D and G back to their forward position-that'is, until the rack D abuts against the screw F. By screwing the screw F inward or outward, more or less throw can be given to the rods D and G.

The rod G extends over the blade A at or near the middle thereof, as plainly indicated in the drawings, and passes through a clutch H, having a casing H, secured to a slide 1, extending transversely of the blade A and guided thereon by a longitudinal bar I, engaging one edge of the blade. A spring 1 carried by the slide, engages with its free to be swung into any desired angle relatively to the blade A, according to the angle desired to be given to the lines to be drawn, it being understood that the lines are drawn along one side of the said ruling-edge. A clamping-screw K serves to clamp the rulingedge J to the slide I, and the pivotal end of the said edge is provided with a pointer J, indicating on a graduated protractor L, carried by the slide I, so that the operator is enabled, by means of the pointer J and the said protractor L, to set the ruling-edge J to any desired degree relatively to the blade A of the T-square.

The clutch H is so arranged that the reciprocating motion given to the rod G upon pressing and releasing the finger-piece 0 as above explained, moves the clutch and the slide I, with the ruling-edge J, either forward or backward on the blade A. For this purpose the clutch is arranged as follows: The casing II is provided at the inside with two conical surfaces I'I H having their base ends toward the outer ends of the casing, as plainly indicated in Figs. 3 and 5. The surfaces H and H are adapted to be engaged by b'alls I1 I1 held in collars H 11 respectively, fitted to slide loosely on the rod G, the collars being pressed on by springs H II, respectively, abutting with their outer ends against the heads of the casing. A cam N, having a flat surface on one side, as shown in Fig. 8, extends between the inner adjacent ends of the collars I1 I1 and this cam N is provided with a stem N, extending transversely and mounted to slide in suitable hearings in the casing II. The outer end of the stern N? is provided with a handle N under the control of the operator, for throwing the cam into one of three positions thatis, to throw one collar, with its balls, in mesh with the corresponding surface, while the other is held out of engage ment therewith, or vice versa, or to throw both collars, with their balls, out of engagement with the surfaces I1 and II of the easing II, so that the operator is enabled to shift the clutch, with the slide I and ruling-edge J, by hand forward or backward on the blade A without interference from the clutch.

WVhen the cam N is in the position shown in Figs. 3 and 5, then the forward clutchcollar II is pressed outward by the cam N,

so that its balls II are out of contact with the surface II of the casing, while the flat, edge of the cam N is next to the inner edgef of the clutch-collar II, so that the latter is;

pressed inward by its spring II to bring the balls II in frictional contact with the sur-, When the fin ger-piece O is pressed f face H and a forward sliding motion is given to the rod G in the direction of the arrow 0,, then; the balls II in binding on the surface H and the rod G carry the latter along in the direction of the arrow a, and when the operator; releases the finger-piece C and the rod G- moves in the inverse direction of the arrow a then the collar II, with its balls H releases the rod G as the pull of the said rod G tends to move the collar II against its spring I1 so that the balls II do not bind on the surface, and consequently the casing II, with the slide I and ruling-edge J, remains stationary during the return stroke of the rod G. As the movement of the latter is regulated by the screw F, as previously explained, it is evident that on each forward stroke of the rod G the ruling-edge J is moved a corresponding distance forward for drawing the next line.

When it is desired to move the slide I in the inverse direction of the arrow a during the return stroke of the rod G, the operator throws the handle N over into an opposite position, so as to move the collar 11 outward against the spring II to render this collar and its balls inactive and to allow the spring II to press the'collar H inward and bring its balls H in frictional contact with the surface 11 and the rod G. During the forward stroke of the rod G in the direction of the arrow a the collar II yields on its spring 11; but on the return stroke of the said rod the collar 11 and the balls II are turned in the same direction, and consequently the balls bind on the surface H and rod G, so that the casing H is carried along and with it the slide I and ruling-edge J.

WVhen the handle N is thrown into a vertical positionthat is, midway between the two positions previously described-then the cam N holds both collars II and II in an outermost position to prevent theirballs from binding on the rod G and the surfaces II and I1 and allow forward or backward movement of the casing and slide, as above mentioned.

In order to securely hold the cam N in any ofits positions, we provide thehandle N with a spring-pressed pin N adapted to engage one of three apertures in a disk N, carried by the casing II, the apertures being arranged relatively to the three positions of the handle, as above mentioned. A scale 0 is adapted to be removably secured to the ruling-edge J at one side thereof, the said scale being for this purpose provided with rearwardly-extending arms 0, having downwardly-extending pins 0 adapted to engage eyelets P, carried by the ruling-edge J. Now by simply placing the scale 0 against the side of the ruling-edge and pressing the pins 0 into the eyelets the said scale is securely held in place on the ruling-edge for use in profile and other work.

Having thus fully described our invention, we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. A drawing-tool provided with a reciproeating rod, a clutch on said rod, and comprising a casing through which said rod passes loosely, and formed at its inside with a beveled surface, a spring-pressed collar on the casing, and through which the rod passes, and balls held in the collar and adapted to bind on the said casing-surface and the rod, substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination of a reciprocating rod, and a double clutch working therewith and comprising a casing having oppositelybeveled surfaces, collars in the said casing and through which said rod extends loosely, springs for pressing the collars in opposite directions, and balls in the said collars for binding on the said surfaces and the said rod, substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination of a reciprocating rod, and a double clutch working therewith and comprising a casing having beveled surfaces, collars in the said casing and through which said rod extends loosely, springs for pressing the collars in opposite directions, balls in the said collars for binding on the said surfaces and the said rod, and means under the control of the operator, for manipulating the said collars to move either or both out of action, substantially as shown and described.

4. The combination of a reciprocating rod, and a double clutch working therewith and comprising a casing having oppositely-beveled surfaces, collars in the said casing and through which said rod extends loosely, springs for pressing the collars in opposite directions, balls in the said collars for binding on the said surfaces and the said rod, and a cam between the said collars, for throwing either or both out of action, the cam being provided with a stem journaled in the casing and provided at its outer end with a handle, substantially as shown and described.

5. The combination of a reciprocating rod, and a double clutch working therewith and comprising a casing having oppositely-beveled surfaces, collars in the said casing and through which said rod extends loosely,- springs for pressing the collars in opposite directions, balls in the said collars for binding on the said surfaces and the said rod, a cam between the said collars, for throwing either or both out of action, the cam being provided with a stem journaled in the casing and provided at its outer end with a handle, and means for locking the cam in position, upon adjustment of the handle, substantially as shown and described.

(3. The combination of a bearing, a reciprocal rod mounted therein, means for driving the rod, a clutch mounted on the rod and adapted to be advanced step by step thereby, and a ruler having connection with the clutch and moved in unison therewith.

7. The combination of a bearing, a rod mounted therein, a spring pressing the rod to hold the same in a normal position, the rod being reciprocal in the bearing against the spring, a rack attached to the rod, a sector mounted to swing on the bearing and meshing with the rack of the rod, a second reciprocal rod also mounted in the bearing and having connection with the first-named rod, the clutch coacting with the rod and moved thereby, a slide in connection with the clutch, and a ruler carried on the slide.

8. The combination of arod, a spring pressing the rod in one direction, a hand-operated device for moving the rod against the spring by which means the rod is reciprocated, a clutch coacting with the rod and serving to engage and disengage the same, whereby the clutch may be advanced step by step by the movement of the rod, and a ruler having connection with and moved by the clutch.

9. The combination with a base, of a rod, means for imparting reciprocal or back-andforth movement to the rod, and a clutch mounted to slide over .the base and on the rod, and coacting with the rod, to engage and disengage the same,by which means the clutch may be advanced step by step by the movement of the rod.

10. The combination with a base, of a rod mounted thereon to have limited reciprocal movement, and a two-part or double clutch adapted to slide over the base and coacting with the rod, by which to move the clutch in either direction longitudinally with the rod, one part of the clutch acting to move the clutch in one direction and the other part of the clutch acting to move the clutch in the other direction.

EDl/VARD ELLIS SHELDON. JOSEPH THORN FREEMAN. Witnesses:

J. R. MCKINLEY, E. R. I'IARDENBROOK. 

